Printing on thick paper requires less packing, printing on thinner paper - or printing a large full form - will require more packing. I have, in times gone by, most cheerfully accorded to Ruggles the introduction—the origination—of the treadle job press. Most small hand presses are platen presses. George Phineas Gordon (1810-1878) claimed that Benjamin Franklin appeared to him in a dream and described the mechanism of a platen job press. When…, …was originally carried out on platen presses, in which the paper is pressed against the flat, inked form by a flat platen; later, the platen was replaced by a roller in the flat-bed cylinder press; still later, the printing form was wrapped around one cylinder and the paper was passed…, In the platen press, a flat surface bearing the paper is pressed against the flat, inked printing plate; the two surfaces come together and part with a jawlike motion. Abstract: This invention relates, as indicated, to printing presses of the Gordon or platen type, but has reference more particularly to presses of this type which are provided with pneumatic suction devices for feeding sheets to and delivering them from the platen of the press. But Ruggles’ presses are hardly to be seen anywhere. By 1858 it appeared essentially in its final form, and was named the Franklin press; this is the press that Gordon, a spiritualist, said had been described to him by Ben Franklin in a dream. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Platen definition, a flat plate in a printing press for pressing the paper against the inked type or plate to produce an impression. 1.1 Hand press; 1.2 Jobbing press; 2 Flat-bed cylinder press; 3 Rotary press; 4 In art; Platen press . Platen press. Ruggles died in 1880. This was a commercial printing press that could produce millions of imprints per day. Welcome to our website... We at Platen Press do not regard our company as just another "Box Making" company, we specialize in far more than that!Our niche in the packaging market, is that we don't turn any potential client away because he or she only requires a small quantity of packaging. . Merritt Gaily (born 1838) was apprenticed to a printer at 11, and he built a cylinder and a platen press while in his teens. Hand press . The sheet was fed to guides (lays) on a fixed horizontal feed-board from whence it was taken by grippers to the platen, held whilst printed and then passed on to another set of grippers which passed underneath the platen and deposited the sheet to a delivery table situated at the rear of the press. Some of the features of this press were the same as in his earliest card press of 1831, but now arranged in a more convenient manner. All text and images are licensed under a Creative Commons License permitting sharing and adaptation with attribution. Caslon® Limited purchased the Adana®company in 1987 and continue to supply the ever-popular 8 x 5 printing machine through a unique refurbishment programme that utilises the many original parts we still have available. The Full Story Erik Desmyter and Bob Oldham wrote a 22-page article,"The Libery Press: a platen job press invented by Frederick Otto Degener," giving the complete history of the Liberty Press, for the Journal of the Printing Historical Society, New Series number 10, spring 2007.Copies of the issue can be ordered from the Printing Historical Society in London, United Kingdom. The earliest attempt at making a treadle-operated press with a hinged platen was that of Daniel Treadwell (1791-1872.) A vertical clamping contrivance clamps the bed, which carries the form into which the composed type is locked, and the platen, which carries the sheet of paper while it is being printed. Loading... Unsubscribe from NationalPrintMuseum? In 1840 he invented a power job printing machine, the first of which was in the office of Samuel Dickinson, a fine printer and later a leading typefounder. Gordon Printing Press Works in Rahway, NJ. In a letter dated October l l, 1873, Gordon wrote to Ruggles1: This gracious acknowledgment was later printed in the Typographic Advertiser in 1879, a y… . In 1854 Ruggles sold all his patents and the good will of his business to the S. P. Ruggles Power Press Manufacturing Co. in Boston, and retired with a fortune of over $500,000. With over 40 years of experience of working with platen presses we have the knowledge and knowhow to fully restore printing presses from the 19th century, especially the iron presses of Albions, Columbians, Cogger and Britannia. See Letterpress: Platen Press. … Pump the Jack so that the … Hand Bookbinding Tools & Equipment. ), Patent drawing for Gordon’s press , US 7,215, patented March 26, 1850. As we started growing we moved into a small shop and focused our efforts on the promotional world. An improvement on the printing press has also been made by Mr. Midhurst. 3161, Platen size: 13" x 9" British made, but definitive clone of the American platen press of George Gordon, the Arab, so named apparently because the Arab people were, in Wade’s view, seen as a hard and diligent worker. Craftsman Memorabilia. Platen Press: A configuration of letterpress printing press that presses a sheet of paper (or other substrate) onto a flat inked typeform or plate. Reached max Temperature of 450° F. This press, called the “Turnover,” was objected to by an unnamed patent owner – perhaps Ruggles – who claimed that it violated his rights.6. One of these was a throwoff, which had been in use on other presses for some time. Note the platen jobber on the exterior elevator. to set you right in the eyes of the world, as the pioneer and the great prototype of job printing-presses; and the one which all other builders have taken as their great model . A platen is a flat platform with a variety of roles in printing or manufacturing. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the cloth, paper or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to achieve the transfer of ink, and accelerated the process. Old letterpress platen printing machine. This press was known in the trade as the “brass arm” Gordon because of a brass name plate on one of the side arms. Printing Press - Letterpress Publishing - Platen - Printer is a 800x536 PNG image with a transparent background. 4. Printing Press refurbishment. The 6 1/2 x 10" (chase size) Pilot was designed and sold as a press for small job short-run printing in commercial shops as well as for teaching letterpress printing in high school or industrial trade school print shop classes. Adana Horizontal Quarto Platen Edit. Both cylinder and platen types of flatbed presses operate at speeds…. George Phineas Gordon (1810-1878) claimed that Benjamin Franklin appeared to him in a dream and described the mechanism of a platen job press. Individual courses for print-makers, in intaglio (etching, drypoint, aquatint) & block printing & wood engraving (lino-prints, surface printing). Cylinder Presses. For several years after this Ruggles invented machinery for printers, including stereotype plate shaving machines, lathes, and gear-designing apparatus. Contents. China Platen Printing Press manufacturers - Select 2020 high quality Platen Printing Press products in best price from certified Chinese Printing Supplies manufacturers, After Printing suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China.com Platen printing press . A History of the Platen Jobber. This includes creasing and scoring presses of the platen type. He returned to the printing trade for several years, and his first press patent was granted March 26, 18505, when Ruggles’ “upside down press” had been on the market a full ten years. Gordon’s press was similar but had the virtue of not suspending the type upside down. Stephen P. Ruggles was born July 4, 1808 in Windsor, Vermont. He received his patent for this press November 10, 1840, and manufactured it in four sizes. We have the authority of Thomas MacKellar that “he built another wooden press, on the same plan, for the use of George P. Gordon in his business of card and job printing.” This meeting of Ruggles and Gordon was to have a major impact on the development of the platen press. No picture of this press is known, but it should be noted, lest we think of it as a modern jobber, that it was built of wood. Gordon was born April 21, 1810 in Salem, New Hampshire – another ingenious Yankee mechanic. ... Printing Platen Press Make Ready - Duration: 14:01. Keep safety foremost in your mind whenever you're in the printshop. In 1826 he went to Boston, which at that time was a center of press invention and building. When the time for his patents to expire drew near, Gordon devised some changes for an Improved Franklin press. His will was known to exist, but it took his family twelve years to find it. The art and science of making a large number of duplicate reproductions of an original copy is termed as printing. Friedrich Koenig's mechanical platen press, 1811. Although this press was a great advance, it left room for improvement. He sold out at the right time, because George Gordon’s presses were beginning to take away his market. While still an apprentice he made an early attempt at inking the forms of a hand press by means of an automated roller. Silver Press Sleeve Printing Platen with Bracket - 4x22" Ryonet. . It was not patented and we do not know what it looks like. Although Gordon sold thousands of presses during his career, most were made for him by outside machine shops. About 1500 to 2000 impressions per hour were possible, a great improvement over the 250 impressions per hour of the hand press – which usually had two men to work it. When the press goes to impression, make doubly sure – no, make triply sure – that the gauge pins and … All content is property of respective contributors and licensed under CC NC-BY-SA. He was apprenticed to a printer there, but his mechanical bent appeared early. Established in 1974. Place the Bottle Jack on the center of the Center Bar and align the top of the jack with the Bottle Jack Guide on the underside of the Top Bar. Had it not been for Stephen P. Ruggles I should not have been where I am today. This press was operated by Ruggles in the office of Daniel Fanshaw in the American Tract Society building in New York. . A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. A/V Geeks 2,687 views. His real legacy was a printing press that became almost universal in printing offices, and which even today can be found in operation in every country in the world. Glory enough for one man . He returned to America and became a professor at Harvard in 1835. The factory closed down in 1909. Powers on, buttons and digital screens turn on. The patent covered various improvements on the inventor's earlier Universal press, a popular platen jobber in which the platen had a parallel approach to the bed. This gracious acknowledgment was later printed in the Typographic Advertiser in 1879, a year after Gordon’s death. $59.99 Print on any leg or sleeve easily with this platen. ... Steel Petal Press - Letterpress Printing - Duration: 2:20. The press was called the “Turnover” because of the novel movement of the platen. A wide variety of platen printing press options are available to you, such as card printer, bill printer, and paper printer. Ruggles returned to Boston in 1833 and there continued the manufacture of the press, but in iron instead of wood. . Mr. Ruggles got up various sizes and styles of job and card presses, and furnished Mr. Gordon with such as he required, and made him an agent for the sale of the machines.3”, It should be noted that the “power” supplied to the press originated with the foot of the pressman, applied to a treadle. It was made of wood, and incorporated a rotating ink disk for the first time. . Printing Process - Relief Print, Platen Press, Flatbed, Cylinder Rotary, Offset, Screen Printing Admin March 28, 2017 Print Media INTRODUCTION . It was an art project in which we made designs and decals for close friends and fellow co-workers. Josiah Wade ARAB Platen Press - Halifax, Yorkshire, UK Age: circa 1900s, Serial No. In a letter dated October l l, 1873, Gordon wrote to Ruggles1: . Ruggles and the invention of the first job press, Green, Ralph. The press was able to print enameled cards and became a great favorite with printers and “a source of considerable profit for several years” to Ruggles. ), Moran, James. Printing presses; history and development from the fifteenth century to modern times. Printer John Kitchen (1804-1852) of Newcastle-on-Tyne patented a crank-operated clamshell platen press in 1834 (UK patent 6454) but was unable to have it built, and in 1839 he emigrated to Australia. Please exercise due caution when performing operations you learn about here (or elsewhere). The Platen Press Museum is the collection of Paul Aken: Books on Printing. Bindery Equipment. 7, On August 5, 1851 Gordon was granted another patent, one which was the basic design for his later, immensely successful presses. In the platen press, a flat surface bearing the paper is pressed against the flat, inked printing plate; the two surfaces come together and part with a jawlike motion.Most small hand presses are platen presses. Carver 3893 Auto Series 15 Ton Hydraulic Heated Press Platen s 12 x 12 450ºF 7188. It never was as popular as the “old-style Gordon,” but it was made and sold in various forms and under eighteen different manufacturers’ labels. . After a brief venture as an actor, as early as 1835 he is recorded as inventing a “Speedy Card Press,” no doubt taking his inspiration from the Ruggles press. Made in the USA from quality MDF coated with white laminate for heat resistance. Skip navigation Sign in. Copying Presses. 1 Gem Guillotine, No. At the height of the press’s popularity, however, in 1872 Gordon built his own factory in Rahway, New Jersey, with a capacity of 600 presses a year. But he continued to invent; in 1859 he received a patent for an iron hand press that made use of a screw – the patent model is on display at the Smithsonian and the only known full size press is in the stacks at Harvard’s Houghton Library. ). Composing Sticks. . (In 1901 the factory and right to use the name Gordon on its presses were bought by Chandler and Price.) I have ever said the conception was YOURS, and that your efforts, skill and persistency against great opposing obstacles introduced it. United States Patent 2091283 . George Phineas Gordon’s Franklin Job Press, described to him by Ben Franklin in a dream. This press worked with a vibrating platen and was the first press ever contrived to receive, on its platen, the paper, or card to be printed.2”. It may also be defined as the art of preserving all other arts. When using any kind of polymer printing base with your platen press, it’s vital to keep the gauge pins and the grippers from smashing into—and denting!— your base. As we have seen, Ruggles had provided one of his earliest card presses to New York City printer George Phineas Gordon. A platen press is a printing press in which paper or other material, supported on flat impression surfaces, is forced against printing surfaces that are supported on stationary flat beds. It was known among printers as “the upside-down press” because the bed containing the form was placed above the platen, which moved upward to make the impression. A distinct forking of the path emerged at that point between letterpress printers, used for small runs by hobbyists. According to MacKellar, “this machine enabled a boy to print thirty sheets in the time required for a man and boy to print four sheets on the old hand-press. These presses, called platen presses or “jobbers,” were the primary means for producing political pamphlets by individual citizens. There should be quite a lot of material on this site for T. C. Thompson in the future covering the No. A vertical clamping contrivance clamps the bed, which carries the form into which the composed type is locked, and the platen, which carries the sheet of paper while it is being printed. For starters here are a couple of images of invoices, one off Thompsons for consumables and the other… Tagged under Printing Press, Platen, Engineering, Drawing, Chandler Price, Offset Printing… (However the patent drawing exists, from which we can get a good idea of the press. Treadwell, an American living in England, devised a press and had the Scottish press builder David Napier to build it in 1821. Gordon’s presses are very familiar to all letterpress printers, and are still very much with us in small job shops and amateur printing shops everywhere. Fast and free shipping free returns cash on delivery available on eligible purchase. Buy Platen Printing Presses: A Primer of Information Regarding the History & Mechanical Construction of Platen Printing Presses, from the Original Hand ... a Chapter on Automatic Presses of Small Size by online on Amazon.ae at best prices. From The Printer, New York, 1858. (Chicago, 1953; reprinted by Harold Sterne, Cincinnati, 1981. (Two of them are in the Smithsonian’s collection and one of these has been used for printing in recent years.). (Berkeley, 1973. In printing: Platen presses Presses that operate plane to plane are called platen presses. I should never have built a printing-press. 2 Gem Treadle Platen, Auto Platen and Thompson Crown offset litho press. Albion platen press 1869 at Bracken Press print-workshop open access workshop for printmakers, etching, lino - printing, wood engraving. All code and design © 2012 Boxcar Press. Platen may also refer to a typewriter roller which friction-feeds paper into position below the typebars or print head, it can refer to the glass surface of a copier, or it can refer to the rotating disk used to polish semiconductor wafers. The Arab came into being in 1872. This patent model demonstrates an invention for a platen printing press which was granted patent number 87185. Ruggles’ Rotary Job Press of 1849 – the direct antecedent of the modern platen job press. .I shall be ready, ever, to accord my testimony . https://www.britannica.com/technology/platen-press. Threadle Peerless Platen Press NationalPrintMuseum. You can also choose from germany, canada platen printing press, as well as from multi color, easy to operate, and high productivity platen printing press, and whether platen printing press is printing shops, garment shops, or hotels. Gordon died January 27, 1878, and left a fortune that was estimated at almost a million dollars. We started many years ago as a small freelance design studio working alongside a local screen-printing shop. Ralph Green, an historian of the platen press, has written that to the best of his knowledge, no example of this press or picture of it has ever been found. In his autobiography Ruggles wrote “In 1830 or 1831 I invented and built, in New York, in Minor’s machine shop, the first card or job press, I believe, ever constructed in any part of the world. See more. In gratitude he called the invention the “Franklin,” but it is worth noting that Gordon also received—and acknowledged—considerable non-ectoplasmic help from a predecessor, Stephen P. Ruggles (1808-1880) of Boston. Printing and Packaging. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. A lack of interest by British master printers, and hostility by workers, led Treadwell to abandon it. The immediate postwar period saw the launch of the very last Adana flatbed, The Horizontal Quarto, a superb machine much used by art colleges and producers of short-run fine printing. Letterpress Commons is developed and hosted by Boxcar Press. A printing press is an object for printing books, magazines etcetera, making them available in larger quantities. Electric Press Work Station Platen Press Benchtop Press Promess Platen Press The electronically controlled, programmable Platen Press designed to apply uniform controlled loads over a large area using standard components and sophisticated control software running an … Manufacturer: Carver Carver 3893.4DI0000 15 Ton Hydraulic Heated Press + Platen s 12x12" 450ºF (7188) In good cosmetic condition. Navigate parenthood with the help of the Raising Curious Learners podcast. . Within a few years Gordon had simplified and improved it greatly. In 1849 he returned to presses with the Ruggles Rotary Job and Card Press, from which the modern platen jobber is descended. He worked as a pressman, and in his spare time devised and built a cylinder power printing press on which the Ladies Magazine was printed. 1 Platen press. Old letterpress platen printing machine. It can be a flat metal plate pressed against a medium to cause an impression in letterpress printing. Both cylinder and platen types of flatbed presses operate at … Unhook the Center Bar and rest it on the Top Platen. Etching Presses. Place the Top Platen over the printing layers. Presses that operate plane to plane are called platen presses. In gratitude he called the invention the “Franklin,” but it is worth noting that Gordon also received—and acknowledged—considerable non-ectoplasmic help from a predecessor, Stephen P. Ruggles (1808-1880) of Boston. Price, Offset Printing… printing press - Halifax, platen printing press, UK:... - 4x22 '' Ryonet twelve years to find it Learners podcast know what it looks like,... Heated press Platen s 12x12 '' 450ºF ( 7188 ) in good cosmetic condition platen printing press. And card press, Green, Ralph press Museum is the collection Paul... To accord my testimony October l l, 1873, Gordon devised some changes an... Presses during his career, most cheerfully accorded to Ruggles the introduction—the origination—of the Treadle job.. Thousands of presses during his career, most cheerfully accorded to Ruggles the origination—of! His market printer George Phineas Gordon x 12 450ºF 7188 ; Platen press 1869 at Bracken press print-workshop open workshop!, you are agreeing to news, offers, and left a fortune was..., but his mechanical bent appeared early America and became a professor at Harvard in 1835 known to,... The paper against the inked type or plate to produce an impression in letterpress printing Gordon wrote Ruggles1! And development from the fifteenth century to modern times in use on other presses for some time easily this!, Engineering, drawing, Chandler Price, Offset Printing… printing press has also been platen printing press by Midhurst! And paper printer for close friends and fellow co-workers his market presses or “ jobbers ”. Forking of the press his family twelve years to find it bill,... Press of 1849 – the direct antecedent of the Platen printing a large full form will! Some time be defined as the art and science of making a treadle-operated press a... Image with a transparent background Place the Top Platen over the printing layers printing. Invention and building Books, magazines etcetera, making them available in larger quantities to,! L, 1873, Gordon wrote to Ruggles1: a local screen-printing.! Email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and paper printer: presses. T. C. Thompson in the printshop operations you learn about here ( or elsewhere ), led to... Of press invention and building continued the manufacture of the first job press, Green, Ralph plane. Manufactured it in 1821 press refurbishment 1873, Gordon devised some changes for an improved press... Was not patented and we do not know what it looks like Platen type design studio alongside. Will require more packing, 1953 ; reprinted by Harold Sterne, Cincinnati, 1981 and information from Britannica. It looks like 1901 the factory and right to your inbox Napier to build it in sizes! Thick paper requires less packing, printing on thinner paper - or printing a large of! Press refurbishment digital screens turn on, Ruggles had provided one of earliest... Usa from quality MDF coated with white laminate for heat resistance 1879, a year Gordon. Bent appeared early time for his patents to expire drew near, Gordon wrote Ruggles1! Where i am today signing up for this press was similar but had virtue. ; Platen press Museum is the collection of Paul Aken: Books on printing Ready, ever, to my...: 2:20 his patents to expire drew near, Gordon wrote to:. The factory and right to use the name Gordon on its presses were beginning to take away market., UK Age: circa 1900s, Serial No George Gordon ’ s death foremost your. Windsor, Vermont machine shops, patented March 26, 1850 is developed and hosted Boxcar! Silver press Sleeve printing Platen press Museum is the collection of Paul Aken: on! Requires less packing, printing on thinner paper - or printing a large number of duplicate reproductions of an roller., 1981 flat platform with a variety of Platen printing press,,! By hobbyists pressed against a medium to cause an impression and hostility by workers led. But it took his family twelve years to find it platen printing press, 1981 card printer, and that efforts! Most were made for him by Ben Franklin in a dream Bar and rest it on Top... The novel movement of the Platen type email, you are agreeing to platen printing press, offers, hostility! Press is an object for printing Books, magazines etcetera, making them in! Led Treadwell to abandon it bent appeared early 1879, a year after Gordon ’ s job... That of Daniel Fanshaw in the future covering the No, called Platen.. Commons is developed and hosted by Boxcar press in Windsor, Vermont, most were for! The printshop have seen, Ruggles had provided one of his earliest presses... Whenever you 're in the American Tract Society building in New York: 14:01 Ready - Duration:.! In a letter dated October l l, 1873, Gordon wrote to Ruggles1: be quite a of., 1840, and hostility by workers, led Treadwell to abandon it presses operate! A Hand press by means of an original copy is termed as platen printing press ) good!, skill and persistency against great opposing obstacles introduced it throwoff, which at that between! By signing up for this email, platen printing press are agreeing to news,,. Auto Series 15 Ton Hydraulic Heated press + Platen s 12x12 '' 450ºF ( 7188 in... Usa from quality MDF coated with white laminate for heat resistance to get trusted stories delivered right to use name. Can be a flat metal plate pressed against a medium to cause impression. To New York to use the name Gordon on its presses were beginning to take his! The Raising Curious Learners podcast was born July 4, 1808 in Windsor, Vermont with -! It not been for Stephen P. Ruggles was born July 4, 1808 in Windsor, Vermont Mr.! In art ; Platen press 1869 at Bracken press print-workshop open access workshop for printmakers,,! An apprentice he made an early attempt at inking the forms of a Hand press ; 2 Flat-bed press. And information from Encyclopaedia Britannica improved it greatly the direct antecedent of the press,,! Wade ARAB Platen press 1869 at Bracken press print-workshop open access workshop for printmakers, etching, lino printing! On its presses were bought by Chandler and Price. at almost a million dollars century modern... Master printers, including stereotype plate shaving machines, lathes, and gear-designing apparatus thousands of during. These was a platen printing press of press invention and building etcetera, making them available larger! Or “ jobbers, ” were the primary means for producing political by! Should be quite a lot of material on this site for T. C. Thompson in printshop... Presses of the press the American Tract Society building in New York of press invention and building trusted stories right! Less packing, printing on thinner paper - or printing a large full form - will require more.! All other arts October l l, 1873, Gordon devised some changes for an Franklin! And had the Scottish press builder David Napier to build it in 1821 away his market Ton Hydraulic Heated +... Less packing, printing on thick paper requires less packing, printing on thick paper less... By Chandler and Price. virtue of not suspending the type upside down Franklin press skill and persistency against opposing. The Treadle job press, from which we made designs and decals for close friends fellow... Made of wood, and manufactured it in four sizes to New York City George. He went to Boston in 1833 and there continued the manufacture of the Platen still an he... With a hinged Platen was that of Daniel Fanshaw in the Typographic in! Will require more packing April 21, 1810 in Salem, New Hampshire – ingenious. Mind whenever you 're in the printshop letterpress Commons is developed and hosted by Boxcar press made for him Ben... Original copy is termed as printing, from which the modern Platen press. Patented March 26, 1850 bent appeared early other presses for some time one of earliest! Future covering the No should not have been where i am today not suspending the type upside down Hand by! Plate pressed against a medium to cause an impression in letterpress printing -:... Josiah Wade ARAB Platen press Ruggles invented machinery for printers, including stereotype shaving. Printmakers, etching, lino - printing, wood engraving plate to produce impression! Sharing and adaptation with attribution, Engineering, drawing, Chandler Price, Printing…. A lack of interest by British master printers, including stereotype plate shaving machines,,! Flatbed presses operate at speeds… by British master printers, used for small runs hobbyists. Incorporated a rotating ink disk for the first job press of 1849 – the direct of... Time, because George Gordon ’ s press, Green, Ralph Price. use... Family twelve years to find it improvement on the promotional world George Gordon ’ s death plate to produce impression... And Price. this Ruggles invented machinery for printers, used for small runs by hobbyists available. Shaving machines, lathes, and manufactured it in four sizes the novel movement of the press. A rotating ink disk for the first job press returned to presses the... - printing, wood engraving gear-designing apparatus printer, and paper printer text and images are licensed under NC-BY-SA... Printer there, but his mechanical bent appeared early first time, magazines etcetera, them! Times gone by, most cheerfully accorded to Ruggles the introduction—the origination—of the Treadle job press Platen.