The mDES1 expanded on the Differential Emotions Scale (DES; Izard, 1977) to include a far wider set of positive emotions. with a description of ten representative positive emotions, alongside approaches for assessing them, both directly with the modified Differential Emotions Scale and indirectly through physiological and implicit measures. The scale comprises 18 items measuring nine specific positive (alertness, amusement, awe, contentment, joy, gratitude, hope, love, and pride) and nine specific negative (anger, sadness, embarrassment, Later in this article, I will clarify and sharpen the long-standing distinction between basic emotions and emotion schemas in differential emotions … Differential emotions theory emphasized emotions but pointed to the importance of behavioral and cognitive variables. The Emotional Control subscale retained 98% of the internal consistency of the full version subscale with 25% of the items; Emotional positive and negative emotions with a modified version of the French translation of the Differential Emotion Scale (mDES; Philippot, Schaefer, & Herbette, 2003). Semantic differential scale – Bi-polar attitudes about a concept – pair of adjectives The look and feel of the web-site is ... emotional response at the same time) • Instead of words, use animated cartoon characters • Evaluation does not become a rational Subjects completed self‐rating scales, theoretically related to depression and differential emotions theory, assessing depressive symptomatology, emotions, automatic dysfunctional thoughts, and activity. Thus, the modified Differentia l Emotions Scale (mDES) was created to be a more encompassing measure of positive emotions, than ... are differential emotional costs of anxiety and avoidance in attachment. investigating attitudes using scales based on fear, anxiety, and other emotions, however, the Emerging Technologies Semantic Differential Scale was developed and demonstrated to be a simple measure that was also proven to be reliable to quantify attitudes as evaluative judgments about objects and concepts I created the mDES to be a more encompassing measure of positive emotions than the more commonly used PANAS, which exclusively targets high activation positive affective states (Watson, Wiese, Vaidya, & Tellegen, 1999). In order to cope with this need for positive emotions measurement, Izard ’s (1977) Differential Emotions Scale (DES) was modified by Fredrickson so as to include a far wider set of positive emotions. the term emotion was often applied both to basic emotions as well as to emotion schemas (e.g., Ellsworth & Scherer, 2003; Frijda, 1986, 1993; Izard, 1977). The PANAS-PA scale was designed to measure overall high energy and pleasurable engagement with the environment (Watson et al., 1988). For example, Kear's (1978) Differentiation of Self Scale consists of three factors: Separation of Thinking and Feel-ing, Emotional Maturity, and Emotional Autonomy; yet items reflect only interpersonal components of differentia-tion and ignore quality of relations with spouse or partner. ified version of the French translation of the Differential Emotion Scale (mDES; Philippot, Schaefer, & Herbette, 2003). Scale. The Differentiation of Self - Short Form was shown in Study 2 to be more efficient than the Differentiation of Self – Revised. The scale comprises 18 items measuring 9 specific positive (alertness, amusement, awe, contentment, joy, gratitude, hope, love, and pride) and 9 specific negative (anger, Next, it offers the seeds of the broaden-and-build theory, including work on the undo effect of positive emotions.